glerl lake michigan wave forecast

Lake Michigan and the five-lake average had their second lowest January ice cover (with January 2002 being the first lowest). Elevated lake levels increase impacts along the shore during storm events. When many larger research vessels were grounded due to COVID-19, CIGLR researchers were able to procure and deploy several smaller real-time wave buoys to maintain the flow of critical data for forecasters and Great Lakes stakeholders alike. Another NOAA-led regional database, the Great Lakes Nonindigenous Species Information System (GLANSIS), runs in parallel with GLWL to more comprehensively document the non-native aquatic species that have been introduced to the Great Lakes. To document and celebrate the diversity of fauna native to the Great Lakes, NOAA-GLERL has partnered with US EPA and the Great Lakes Sea Grant Network to launch the new Great Lakes Water Life database: a comprehensive, accessible inventory of aquatic species found throughout the region. of the integrated physical and ecological modeling and forecasting branch of NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL . [2003] that increasing the weighting on the relative wave number improves the representation of whitecapping dissipation and PWP in wave frequency spectra. [2012], its assumption of stationarity may limit its accuracy. Glider paths shown on the maps include all deployment from 2012-2019. Kendall and N.E. The project is a major collaborative effort by bi-national, federal, and university partners of NOAA GLERL. Even minor events on the lake may cause flooding of low-lying areas near the lake such as beaches, parks, and .

GLOS targets communications, outreach, and engagement towards those departments, agencies, and individual staff that can contribute to and/or benefit from GLOS programming, and that share common goals, objectives, and strategies with GLOS. CoastWatch is a NOAA-wide program that provides continuous, near real-time, coordinated, environmental information (remotely sensed, chemical, biological, and physical) to support federal and state decision makers and researchers who are responsible for managing the nation’s coastal ecosystems. [Altmetric Score], Xue, P., D.J.

It typically operates at around 30 meters (100 feet) below the lake surface, but can go as deep as 200 meters (650 feet) when needed. Found inside – Page 225Surface Wave Data Recorded in Lake Michigan During 1973 and 1975-77 , C. B. Doughty , T. A. Kessenich , P. C. Liu , NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL GLERL - 19 , 1978 . A Numerical Procedure for Computing Resonant Periods of Natural Water ...

The spatial structure of the OC grid is similar to that applied by Alves et al. Freak wave exploration, occurrence, and prediction & Extreme wave characterization, forecast, and warning, funded by Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL), UW-Sea Grant, and UW-Madison The default depth-induced breaking formulation is derived from the BJ78 model, which assumes that the maximum possible wave height They’re able to live their entire lives in complete darkness, because they get their energy from the added minerals in the water rather than from sunlight — a process called chemosynthesis.

Another possible explanation is that the frequent variations in wind direction recorded at land-lake boundary sites may be transmitted into the lake's interior through the smoothing interpolation process of the NNM, which would further impede wave growth in that model. Four years ago, NOAA’s Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) and the Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR) began providing an Experimental Lake Erie Hypoxia Forecast Model to warn stakeholders of low-oxygen upwelling events that can cause water quality problems for over 2 million residents of northern Ohio. , or wind speed U10 = 26.2 m/s) for the wind drag coefficient in the un-SWAN model. September 4, 2019 by El Lower Leave a comment.
is the ratio of the maximum possible root-mean-square of wave height to local water depth. Starting out at 10.65% on February 1st, ice cover rose dramatically over the next three weeks with the region’s extreme cold weather. The International Joint Commission (IJC) is a bi-national organization established by the governments of the United States and Canada under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909. Using the spectral action balance equation for wave energy [Gelci and Cazalé, 1953], SWAN simulates the growth, propagation, and decay of waves, taking into account current-induced and depth-induced refraction and frequency shifts, wind input, whitecapping dissipation, bottom friction, depth-induced wave breaking, and nonlinear wave-wave interactions [Booij et al., 1999]. Even though the CIS and NIC are the ones who actually collect Great Lakes ice cover data, GLERL plays the important role of re-processing this ice data into more accessible file formats, making it readily usable to anyone who needs it. Muzzi, S.A. GLERL Forecast Waves - 24 Hour. Murray, P. Richards, Y. R. Rao, M. Steffen and S. Wilhelm. be used responsibly to allow for access by all interested users. [1981] (i.e., linear dependence on u*/c) under strong wind forcing (i.e., u*/c > 0.1), see details in equations 4 and 5. [1984], with the default dissipation rate of Vail, M.E. However, fueled by the relentless invasion of zebra and quagga mussels and their impacts of increased water clarity and available phosphorus, the Cladophora problem is back, and Great Lakes scientists are working harder than ever to find a solution. Fishers can utilize the forecast on a daily basis to determine where to launch their boats, and where to search for aggregations of fish, depending on the hypoxia forecast for that day. The wave model was applied using three different sources of wind field data adjusted to 10 m elevation: (a) the GLERL's NNM-based [Schwab and Morton, 1984] hourly, 2 km horizontal resolution forcing, derived from lake buoy-based (at midlake and several nearshore stations) and coastal land site-based data [Lang and Leshkevich, 2014]; (b) the . Mark Rowe and Craig Stow, and CIGLR’s Dr. Casey Godwin, project scientists provide an email update to public water systems, fisheries managers, and other stakeholders ahead of likely hypoxic events that contains links to the experimental forecast website and other useful NOAA webpages. However, at the shallow eastern coastal stations 45026 and 45029, multidirectional coastal winds show clear dominance of an onshore component from the lake's interior. It was recently featured on Detroit Public Television’s Great Lakes Now program as well as the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary’s International Film Festival.Â. McDonald, R. Rossmann and H. Zhang. Improving the Great Lakes Operational Forecast System by creating a data assimilation and model adjustment loop. Case 1a represents the default Komen et al. [2003] were also slightly recalibrated herein.

Also, with the drop in temperatures lake-effect precipitation will likely develop in locations east of the lakes with a predominantly westerly wind that is forecast. (DOI:10.1016/j.jglr.2017.03.012). Lake-wide phytoplankton production and abundance in the Upper Great Lakes: 2010-2013. Journal of Great Lakes Research. 42(3):619-629. For this study, we configured an unstructured-grid version of SWAN (un-SWAN) [Zijlema, 2010] for Lake Michigan over the ice-free period (April–November) for the years 2002–2012 and verified the model's skill with a hindcast of Superstorm Sandy (2012). GLERL Hydrograph - 140 year Lake Levels. Van der Westhuysen [2010] demonstrated that wind direction plays a key role in determining shallow-water wave growth (e.g., sloping bed surf zone or finite water depth conditions), and therefore further impacts the intensity of depth-induced breaking.

So why did this microbial paradise come into existence in the first place? Legend Gridded Forecast.

The chemical and biological data collected will help researchers understand more about the Lake Superior foodweb and also be used to validate satellite information. The buoy’s environmental data can be found on the CDIP website, and on the buoy’s page on the NOAA NDBC website. and Information from NOAA-GLERL.

Photo Credit: Katherine Glassner-Shwayder. Program objectives include providing real-time data for web-based decision support systems for HABs and hypoxia, providing ground-truthing data for remote sensed estimates of HAB mapping and forecast information, generating satellite-derived HABs estimates for the Great Lakes, and collecting and processing inherent optical properties (IOP) data. Note that the red solid line in Figure 1a marks the Canada-U.S. border. We’re part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Learn more. in Case 2b, presumably because of increased breaking intensity at the maximal individual wave height for a given water depth. The solid lines divide the lake to areas that get . Consequently, the wave statistics for shallow-water stations were insensitive to modification by the whitecapping term, but strongly dependent upon the treatment of the depth-induced breaking term.
Co-led by NOAA GLERL research scientists Drs. Spatially, the relative differences in SWHs from the application of various mesh resolutions (i.e., MR and HR) are less than 10% in the South Chippewa Basin, 20% in most shallow-water regions, and 30% scattered in the shallow part of Green Bay and near the northern coast. Her work focuses on researching and finding ways to resolve Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs). With so much year-to-year variability, forecasting ice cover each year can be incredibly difficult. Aquatic Microbial Ecology.

However, the maximum U10 in Lake Michigan (23.6 m/s in 2011 and 21.0 m/s in 2012) is below the cutoff limit suggested by Huang et al. Specifically, Rogers et al.

Boyer. [1984]. However, these event-dominated gusts generally last only a few hours, which may limit their contribution to the monthly averaged wind speed.

The wind input and whitecapping terms are based on the work of Snyder et al. ) for estimating shallow-water wave physics. Bosse, G.L. 265 were here. Part I: Design considerations and formulation, Modelling hurricane waves and storm surge using integrally-coupled, scalable computations, Limiters for spectral propagation velocities in SWAN, Wave–current interactions in a wave-dominated tidal inlet, Wave-follower field measurements of the wind-input spectral function. Top right: NOAA GLERL partners at the University of Vermont’s Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Cooperative (FEMC) deployed the buoy on Lake Champlain in May 2021. Credit: University of Vermont FEMC staff. 42:50-61. Furthermore, a number of lake processes driven by extreme winds and waves, such as sediment resuspension and plume dynamics, can also be significantly affected by these storms, which can impact the regional ecosystem, as occurred with the 1998 and 1999 spring blooms. Scope: GLCFS-FVCOM Products.

Map credit: NOAA National Data Buoy Center.

Federal and state agencies, tribal groups, non-governmental organizations and academic researchers from the United States and Canada team up yearly to assess conditions in one of the five Great Lakes. (DOI:10.1007/s10530-015-1050-9).Â, Salk, K.R., P.H. Areas north and east of Lake Ontario have started seeing fall colors (Photo 1 taken Oct 12), while fall is in full swing in northern Wisconsin . 2016. This report describes a series of computer programs that can be used to forecast wave height, period, and direction for any part of the Great Lakes. The programs only require the user to specify the overlake wind forecast.

In 1998, a strong meteotsunami in Lake Michigan capsized a tug boat at the White Lake, MI harbor. The SOAR Western Lake Erie buoy on a very calm day. In addition, the variation in monthly lake levels in the Great Lakes system reported by Sellinger et al. Palladino, T.H. Therefore, the improvements made in this study to storm wave simulation for midlake buoys were achieved by selecting different sources of wind fields for model input and alternative settings for the formulations of wind input and whitecapping. Additionally, the RB and SI scores for PWP are significantly reduced in the recalibrated model at all NDBC buoy stations except for Green Bay (Figure 6b). This negative correlation is likely because of inaccurate estimation of shallow-water wave processes in the default model, such as the omission of monthly lake level variations, and deficiencies in the description of depth-induced refraction and breaking. . Sawtell, M.J. Sayers, R.A. Shuchman and G.L. ), and (bottom) Hsig,C2c from Case 2c (the TG83 model with default Plot twist: Benefiting more than just our water supply. The buoy and the experimental wave model will be a helpful new tool for the region’s National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office in Burlington, Vermont, which provides lake forecasts including wave data to mariners in the region. A team of researchers from MTU deployed the wave glider on August 30, 2021 and it spent 25 days surveying the lake and collecting data. Great Lakes Water Life (GLWL) is designed to support environmental researchers and managers by hosting a broad range of ecological information and tools: identification guides for native species, records of rare or unfamiliar taxa, lists of expected species in a specific area, summaries of broad-scale biodiversity patterns, and more. Boyer, L.V. The Florida Get Down - the leading TOP Showcase Events and Rankings site for teams and players identifying top upcoming talent. This was not a scientific survey, but an attempt to interview as many informed representatives of different water level information user groups as time allowed. Sixty-five interviews were completed during the fall of 1991. The re-eutrophication of Lake Erie: Harmful algal blooms and hypoxia. Geophysics, Mathematical On April 13, bands of thunderstorms pushing across northern Lake Michigan spurred the development of a pair of meteotsunamis. Researchers create Great Lakes-specific algorithms because those used in the ocean often do not work well in the lakes. Servicing and repairing buoys during 2020 field season. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! . Therefore, further improvement could be made through maintaining more continuous wind gustiness records and incorporating them into the wind-wave model. 121:949-965. (DOI:10.1016/j.jglr.2017.07.002). Based on the GEM wind data, the un-SWAN model with the wind input formulation of. These decision support tools include: real-time observing systems (buoys) deployed at Maumee Bay, Saginaw Bay, Lake Michigan and Lake Erie; a web-based data management system; synthesized remote sensing products for predicting spatial extent, intensity, and duration of harmful algal blooms (HABs); and coupled physical-chemical-biological models for Saginaw Bay and western Lake Erie. Researchers use robotic underwater gliders that travel for miles to collect data on organic matter, conductivity, oxygen content, and more, sometimes staying out for three months! The HR version has a similar mesh structure, but contains 20,108 nodes and 38,324 elements.

b. 56:44-66. Processes, Information Results show a lot of variation among the Lakes; water clarity increased the most for Lake Huron, where the area of visible lake bottom increased by 29%, but actually decreased slightly for Lake Erie. A Lake Erie case study. “In the near-shore systems, the cyanobacteria we found have DNA signatures that come closest to comparing to the cyanobacteria found at the bottom of a lake in Antarctica. On average, slight underestimations (negative RB) of the wind speeds in NNM data are noted across all stations except for a very shallow northwestern shore station (0Y2W3).

8 am. Figure 4 shows histograms of monthly averaged SWH and wind speed at various deepwater (northern and southern midlake), intermediate-water (Little Traverse Bay), and shallow-water stations (Green Bay, and the western and eastern coasts). This database builds on a previous project known as the “Great Lakes Waterlife Gallery,” originally created in 2002 in support of Sea Grant’s Great Lakes Fisheries Leadership Institute in partnership by NOAA-GLERL and the Great Lakes Sea Grant Network. Hypoxia – a state of low oxygen – occurs in the deep waters of Lake Erie’s central basin in July through September of most years.

In 1998, a strong meteotsunami in Lake Michigan capsized a tug boat at the White Lake, MI harbor [NOAA 1998]. One agency that makes use of the experimental hypoxia forecast is the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (DNR). A plague of waterfleas (Bythotrephes): impacts on microcrustacean production in a large inland-lake complex.

In 1998, a strong meteotsunami in Lake Michigan capsized a tug boat at the White Lake, MI harbor [NOAA 1998].

Harmful Algae. Information and products from this program are used to help track algal blooms, pollution, ice cover, wind, and water intake temperatures at fish hatcheries; produce models of wave height, lake currents, and damage assessments; and support research, educational, and recreational activities.

(DOI:10.3354/ame01790).

GLERL Forecast Winds - 36 Hour. Special thanks to Devin Gill from the Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research for contributing stakeholder interview findings for this article.

The gliders are able to traverse from one side of a Great Lake to another, and collect data from the surface to the deepest depths. MTU and CIGLR stepped in to ensure buoys were deployed in Lake Superior despite delays due to COVID-19. All of the data undergoes multiple quality tests before being archived, and each data point is flagged to indicate its reliability – whether it passed all tests, is suspect, or failed one or more tests. Photo Credit: Russ Miller.

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