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To see the amount ofstorage space allocated and used for Volume Shadow Copies run thefollowing command from a command prompt with elevated privileges: To allocate more storage (e.g. The hash of this version is: “ed7db8c2256b2d5f36b3d9c349a6ed0b”. The first change is some changes in the strings in plain text of the code to make the execution in the “EraseTape” call and “FindAtomW” call more slowly.

We found in the analysis some unique functions compared with other ransomware families. If the value is 0 it means that the mutex was created for this instance of the malware but if it gets another value, it means that the mutex was made from another instance or vaccine and, in this case, it will finish the execution of the malware. When the expert rule is applied at the endpoint, deletion of shadow volume fails with the following error message: The malware also tries to stop McAfee services using command “net stop McShield /y”. The parameters have the following properties: For this cmdlet, the first two parameters -For and -On are in all three parameter sets. The example below will take a snapshot of the C: drive. S0106 : cmd : cmd can be used to find information about the operating system. Once the command prompt is loaded, enter the following command: This will remove all VSS snapshots on the system, prompting you first for confirmation. Found inside – Page 251Capítulo 5 Mostramos aquí algunos comandos posibles : vssadmin resize shadowstorage / on = [ Letra de la unidad ] ... vssadmin list shadows : lista todas las instantáneas de volumen existentes . vssadmin list volumes : lista todos los ... Of course, the malware checks that the file does not have the name of the ransom note and the extension that it will put in the crypted file. In this thread the first action is to remove the error mode with “SetErrorMode” to 1 to avoid an error dialog being shown to the user if it crashes. S0137 : CORESHELL A few examples are given below for reference. 50GB) run the following command: vssadmin resize shadowstorage /For=C: /On=C: /MaxSize=50GB. This scenario-focused title provides concise technical guidance and insights for troubleshooting and optimizing networking with Hyper-V. Written by experienced virtualization professionals, this little book packs a lot of value into a few ... The name of the file created is “HotGIrls”.

If these processes are not detected, it will access to their own resources and extract it with the name “OFFNESTOP1”. Found inside – Page 320... de stockage de cliché instantané de volume Create Shadow Crée un nouveau cliché instantané de volume Delete Shadows ... pour les clichés instantanés List Writers - - Exemple d'utilisation : C : \ > vssadmin Resize ShadowStorage. The malware can use 2 different public RSA keys: one exported using the crypto api in a public blob or using the embedded in base64 in the malware. Another version of the batch file. So why use JSON and not a PowerShell data (PSD1) file? vssadmin.exe resize shadowstorage /for=h: /on=h: /maxsize=unbounded vssadmin.exe Delete Shadows /all /quiet powershell.exe Get-CimInstance Win32_ShadowCopy | Remove-CimInstance The malware will only use the second one if it cannot create the crypto context or has some problem with the crypto api functions. vssadmin delete shadows /For=C: /all OR vssadmin delete shadows /For=C: /all /quiet. Based on the versions of Clop we discovered we detected telemetry hits in the following countries: The function to check a file or a folder name using the custom hash algorithm can be a problem for the malware execution due if one of them is found in execution, the malware will avoid it. Handbook of Digital Forensics and Investigation builds on the success of the Handbook of Computer Crime Investigation, bringing together renowned experts in all areas of digital forensics and investigation to provide the consummate resource ... Signing a malicious binary, in this case ransomware, may trick security solutions to trust the binary and let it pass. Found inside – Page 185List all shadow copies available on the system by using the list shadows command: vssadmin list shadows You'll see output ... time: 8/27/2008 1:59:58 PM Shadow Copy ID: {f455a794-6b0c-49e4-9ae5-e54647fd1f31} Original Volume: (C:)\\? The malware does not have support for Windows XP in its use with the crypto functions, because the CSP used in Windows XP has another name, but if run in another operating system starting with Windows Vista, it can change the name in the debugger to acquire the context later and will generate a RSA public blob. Anyways, the shares can be affected using the “MPR.DLL” functions without any problem. Below are the results of 12 of the 27 hashes with the correct names: If it passes, it will check that the file is not a folder, and in this case compare the name with a list of hardcoded names and extensions that are in plain text rather than in hash format: This check is done with a custom function that checks character per character against all the list. Fully updated for Windows Server 2012 R2! Prepare for Microsoft Exam 70-412—and help demonstrate your real-world mastery of advanced configuration tasks for Windows Server infrastructure. If the issue still persists, open Command Prompt again and enter vssadmin delete shadows /all command. The first step is to check the name of the folder/file found against a hardcoded list of hashes with the same algorithm used to detect the processes to close. Process discovery: enumerating all processes on the endpoint to kill some special ones. Found inside – Page 121Voici les autres commandes possibles : j vssadmin list providers : affiche le nom, le type, l'ID de fournisseur et la ... Par défaut, ces lignes s'affichent : Fournisseur : 'Microsoft Software Shadow Copy ✂ provider 1.0' Type de ... You could have a separate function for each set. Ordinarily, this partition does not have a drive letter assigned to it. The malware ignores the REMOTE type (4)). Found inside – Page 407Befehlszeile vssadmin list shadows Beschreibung Listet alle Wiederherstellungspunkte auf, die momentan auf ... Löscht alle Wiederherstellungspunkte auf dem Laufwerk C. vssadmin delete shadows /For=C: /all vssadmin delete shadows /For=C: ...

Earlier in this blog we have highlighted some interesting choices the developers made when it came to detecting language settings, processes and the use of batch files to delete the shadow volume copies. The remaining properties — Description, Usage, and Examples — are optional. An atom searched for nothing has the name of “$$$$”.

During the second half of 2020, we saw adversaries... Co-written with Northwave’s Noël Keijzer. Resize the shadow storage for all units starting from C to H units’ letters (hardcoded letters) to avoid the shadow volumes being made again. This malware has a lot of changes per version that avoid making a normal vaccine using mutex, etc. This thread runs in an infinite loop with a wait using the function “Sleep” per iteration of 30 minutes. It will call directly to the prompt of the system without waiting for the malware to finish. The sample we analyzed was also signed with the following certificate in the first version (now revoked): FIGURE 1.

Prepare for Microsoft Exam 70-698–and help demonstrate your real-world mastery of Windows 10 installation and configuration. Access to the first resource crypted. In the screenshot “BOOT” is a correct name for the hash, but the others are collisions. bc59ff12f71e9c8234c5e335d48f308207f6accfad3e953f447e7de1504e57af, 31829479fa5b094ca3cfd0222e61295fff4821b778e5a7bd228b0c31f8a3cc44, 35b0b54d13f50571239732421818c682fbe83075a4a961b20a7570610348aecc, e48900dc697582db4655569bb844602ced3ad2b10b507223912048f1f3039ac6, 00e815ade8f3ad89a7726da8edd168df13f96ccb6c3daaf995aa9428bfb9ecf1, 408af0af7419f67d396f754f01d4757ea89355ad19f71942f8d44c0d5515eec8, 0d19f60423cb2128555e831dc340152f9588c99f3e47d64f0bb4206a6213d579, 7ada1228c791de703e2a51b1498bc955f14433f65d33342753fdb81bb35e5886, 8e1bbe4cedeb7c334fe780ab3fb589fe30ed976153618ac3402a5edff1b17d64, d0cde86d47219e9c56b717f55dcdb01b0566344c13aa671613598cab427345b9, cff818453138dcd8238f87b33a84e1bc1d560dea80c8d2412e1eb3f7242b27da, 929b7bf174638ff8cb158f4e00bc41ed69f1d2afd41ea3c9ee3b0c7dacdfa238, 102010727c6fbcd9da02d04ede1a8521ba2355d32da849226e96ef052c080b56, 7e91ff12d3f26982473c38a3ae99bfaf0b2966e85046ebed09709b6af797ef66, e19d8919f4cb6c1ef8c7f3929d41e8a1a780132cb10f8b80698c8498028d16eb, 3ee9b22827cb259f3d69ab974c632cefde71c61b4a9505cec06823076a2f898e. To not be prompted by any of the commands use the /quiet flag. It is typical in malware that tries to hide what processes they are looking for. This behavior is normal in ransomware but the previous check against hardcoded hashes based on the file/folder name is weird because later, as we can see in the above picture, the next check is against plain text strings.

The following KB article will help with launching an elevated command prompt. The next action is to write this batch file in the same folder where the malware stays with the function “CreateFileA”. In my VssAdmin module, the cmdlets Get-VssProvider, Get-VssVolume, and Get-VssWriter do not have parameters. The following expert rule can be used to prevent the malware from stopping McAfee Services: When the expert rule is applied at the endpoint, the attempt to stop McAfee service using net command fails with the following error message: The samples use the following MITRE ATT&CK™ techniques: Clop ransomware shows some characteristics that enterprises are its intended targets instead of end consumers. The same counts for the name of the resources and also for the hash of the resource because the bat changes per line in some cases and in another as it will have more code to stop services of products of security and databases. Move the VSS data to another NTFS drive (vssadmin add shadowstorage /for=c: /on=d: /maxsize=30%); ... then you can us LIST SHADOWS ALL otherwise, the CSV volumes will not show his shadows. Found inside – Page 56C:\>vssadmin list shadows /for=d: Once you know which VSC you'd like to access, you can use the mklink command to create a symbolic link to that VSC. Remember, you must be sure that the VSC identifier (i.e., \\? In this version it is “HappyLife^_-“, so, can it be complex to make a vaccine based on the mutex name because it can be changed easily in each new sample.

If it is the charset used, the malware will delete itself from the disk and terminate itself with “TerminateProcess” but if it is not this charset, it will continue in the normal flow This double check circumvents users with a multisystem language, i.e.

Now the string is: “JLKHFVIjewhyur3ikjfldskfkl23j3iuhdnfklqhrjjio2ljkeosfjh7823763647823hrfuweg56t7r6t73824y78Clop”. The next change is the hardcoded public key of the malware that is different to the previous version. The Crescendo configuration file is a JSON file containing an array of cmdlet definitions.

This important book includes information explaining how to: Build redundance and resilience into your processes and networks Phish-proof your organization and train your people to be aware of external threats Manage and control your data ... Babuk: Biting off More than they Could Chew by Aiming to Encrypt VM and *nix Systems? Thread to kill critical processes to unlock files. Resize Shadow Storage to Delete. It is important to remember that this string remains in plain text in the binary but, as it has changed, it cannot be used for a Yara rule. The malware checks that the layout is bigger than the value 0x0437 (Georgian), makes some calculations with the Russian language (0x0419) and with the Azerbaijan language (0x082C).
: C:) and deletion of oldest snapshot simply removes the single, oldest snapshot on the system. The second version found by the end of February has some changes if it is compared with the first one. The BAT file to disable the shadow volumes and more security. Execution through API (Batch file for example). However, the algorithm of crypto of the files and the mark in the file crypted is the same. The vssadmin Resize ShadowStorage command has three required parameters, but the third parameter /MaxSize can take three different types of input. For each network share that the malware discovers, it will prepare to enumerate more shares and crypt files. If yss, then you will see more than one provider in the output of the above command. Later, it will check the last error with “GetLastError” and, if the last error was 0,  it will wait with the function “Sleep” for 5 seconds. Resize the shadow storage for all units starting from C to H units’ letters (hardcoded letters) to avoid the shadow volumes being made again.

FIGURE 11. Victims must communicate via email instead of with a central command and control server hosting decryption keys. Deletes the shadow copy specified by ShadowID. These operations will make a loop for 666000 times. The next action is to search for some processes with these names: If some of these processes are discovered, the malware will wait 5 seconds using “Sleep” and later another 5 seconds. Found inside – Page 92Per specificare una particolare copia shadow, usate il parametro /Shadow=ID, dove ID è il numero esadeci- male restituito dal comando List Shadows descritto più avanti. vssadmin Delete ShadowStorage /For=C: /On=D: Questo comando ... Packer signed to avoid av programs and mislead the user. During normal Windows operation, restore points will be created during software installation and other day to day operational tasks. After this, Clop will continue with the next file with the same process however, the check of the name based with the hash is avoided now. Attempt to re-run the backups. After doing that, restart your PC. We also observed that the .BAT files were not present in earlier Clop ransomware versions. Found inside – Page 161Nombre de proveedor 'Microsoft Software Shadow Copy provider 1.0' Tipo de proveedor: Sistema Id. de proveedor: {b5946137-7b9f-4925-af80-51abd60b20d5} Versión: 1.0.0.7 c) Listar los volúmenes válidos para instantáneas. VSSADMIN LIST ... Crescendo separates the functional code (the output handler) from the cmdlet interface code. The DefineDosDeviceA name is “1234567890”. 6220 America Center Drive Found insideShadow Copy needs to be able to make two versions of the file accessible: one that is currently in use by the ... You can use this tool to run the following commands: Vssadmin List Providers Lists registered Volume Shadow Copy providers ... vssadmin delete shadows /all To delete the really nasty ones, there's a trick: vssadmin Resize ShadowStorage /For=C: /On=C: /MaxSize=300MB For each drive you've got, run the above command with the minimum MaxSize permitted.

Found inside – Page 107In our case we have only the C:\ volume, which has VSS enabled (see Fig. 4.26). To list all existing shadow copies of a specified volume we need to use the following command option: VSSadmin list Shadows/for=C:\. Here we are listing ... This definition also has SupportsShouldProcess set to true. The Crescendo configuration file defines the interfaces of cmdlets that you want Crescendo to create. The configuration file defines the cmdlet interfaces. We are not absolutely sure why this is, but it might be an effort to improve victim tracking. Here is a sample of the ransom note of the first version of this malware: FIGURE 13. > vssadmin list providers; Confirm if there is a 3rd party provider on the machine. The second thread created has the task of enumerating all network shares and crypts files in them if the malware has access to them. The key for the XOR operation to decrypt the ransom note and the batch file is: The batch file is different to the other versions, in this case not changing the boot config of the target victim. To achieve this, we observed some new techniques being used by the author that we have not seen before. This sample does not have support for Windows XP because a API that does not exist in Windows XP. You may have inadvertently allocated a drive letter to the Microsoft System Reserved partition (MSR) or you may have too many restore points on your system. Check the text charset and compare with Russian charset. Found inside – Page 167Über den Konsolenbefehl vssadmin list shadows lassen sich die Volumenschattenkopien auflisten und mit vssadmin delete shadows auch löschen. Mit vssadmin Resize ShadowStorage /On=C: /For=C: /MaxSize=5GB wird die Größe des Bereichs für ... Found inside – Page 288Sur un système Vista actif, la commande suivante permet d'obtenir la liste des clichés instantanés de volume disponibles : C:\>vssadmin list shadows /for=c:\ Après avoir obtenu cette liste, nous pouvons créer un lien symbolique vers ... The code that is supposed to delete the ransomware from the disk contains an error. Found inside – Page 186... domain controller with the domain admin credentials I have and issue the Windows command vssadmin list shadows to ... new VSC of the C: drive on the Capsulecorp Pentest domain controller: vssadmin create shadow /for=C: Probably the ... The main goal of Clop is to encrypt all files in an enterprise and request a payment to receive a decryptor to decrypt all the affected files. FIGURE 8. Once the configuration file was complete, I used the Export-CrescendoModule cmdlet to create my VssAdmin module. This book will provide hands-on experience with penetration testing while guiding you through behind-the-scenes action along the way. CVE-2021-1675 / CVE-2021-34527. Also, since the command makes changes, I thought I should call Get-VssShadowStorage to show the new settings. A) Type the command below you want to use into the elevated command prompt, press Enter, and go to step 8 below.

This book will appeal to forensic practitioners from areas including incident response teams and computer forensic investigators; forensic technicians from legal, audit, and consulting firms; and law enforcement agencies. Delete the shadow volumes with vssadmin (“vssadmin Delete Shadows /all /quiet”).

Crescendo uses these values to create the comment-based help for the cmdlet when it creates the module. FIGURE 10. Found inside – Page 223GLOBALROOT\Device\HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy7 Specific shadow copies may also be deleted from the command line either by ... the specific snapshot by its Shadow Copy Id (which can be obtained from the vssadmin list shadows command). Now the names are for the tape: “” and the atom “”. Step 5. The answer is simple: schema! Delete the shadow volumes with vssadmin (“vssadmin Delete Shadows /all /quiet”).

Windows will then voluntarily dump all shadows due to lack of space. Error code 0x8004231f indicates VSS_E_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE (Insufficient storage space for the Shadowcopy). 8. The VssAdmin.psm1 file contains all the cmdlets that Crescendo generated from the configuration and the Output Handler functions I wrote to parse the output into objects. Another difference with other ransomware families is that Clop will only cipher the disk that is a physical attached/embedded disk (type 3, FIXED or removable (type 2)). Shadow storage space is used for system restore points and by Macrium Reflect. 6. If this happens with a folder, all the files inside that folder will be skipped as well. This function will return 1 or 0, 1 if it belongs to Russia or another CIS country, or 0 in every other case. When this completes run the list … The file created has the name “clearsystems-11-11.bat”. Found inside – Page 339Type the following command and press Enter to list all volumes that are eligible for shadow copies: Vssadmin list volumes 5. Type the following command and press Enter to create a new volume shadow copy: Vssadmin create shadow /For=C: 6 ... The Newest Malicious Actor: “Squirrelwaffle” Malicious Doc. Clop is a ransomware family that its authors or affiliates can change in a quick way to make it more complex to track the samples.

When you enter a shadow copy ID, use the following format, where each X represents a hexadecimal character: XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX /quiet: Specifies that the command won't display messages while running. This means that the execution of the command will be correct but, as the malware is still running, it will not delete it from the disk. Let’s take a closer look at a simple cmdlet definition. Unlike PowerShell’s PSD1 files, JSON supports a schema. To get the shadow copy ID, use the vssadmin list shadows command. Unfortunately, it is not the first time that criminals will make money with badly programmed malware. If the function returns 0, it will go to the normal flow of the malware, otherwise it will get the device context of the entire screen with the function “GetDC”. This will list the amount of storage used. Found inside – Page 546In short, you list the Volume Shadow Copies using the command vssadmin list shadows, making sure you are running the command shell as an administrator. Figure 9.62 shows the output of this command for shadow copy number 5. Later will launch it with “ShellExecuteA”, wait for 5 seconds to finish and delete the file with the function “DeleteFileA”. This article will show you what system error memory dump files are and how to delete them when the normal disk cleanup utility cannot help you. http://kb.macrium.com/KnowledgebaseArticle50162.aspx. The name of the batch file is “clearsystems-10-1.bat”. If it finds one of them it will terminate it with “TerminateProcess” function after opening with the rights to make this action with “OpenProcess” function. Software UK Ltd 2006-2014, all rights reserved, VSS Error: 0x8004231f - Failed to Create Volume Snapshot, "How to remove a drive letter from the - MS System Reserved partition", http://kb.macrium.com/KnowledgebaseArticle50162.aspx, How to remove a drive letter from the - MS System Reserved partition. The remaining three parameters are unique to each parameter set. Another condition will come from the function “GetTextCharset” that returns the font used in the system if it does not have the value 0xCC (RUSSIAN_CHARSET). The code largely remains the same but changing the strings can make it more difficult to detect and/or classify it correctly.

With this property, Crescendo adds the [SupportsShouldProcess()] attribute to the cmdlet, which automatically adds the -WhatIf and -Confirm parameters. Do the above optimization for all drives you have, especially the system drive and the drive containing the VMDKs. Related Articles, References, Credits, or External Links. For example: vssadmin delete shadows /for=c: /oldest. The final set of commands deletes files based on their extension or folder locations. We will now force VSS to always use Microsoft Software Shadow Copy provider by making the following registry entries: Click Start, click Run, type regedit, and then click OK. Step 4. Crescendo separates the structural interface code required to create a cmdlet from the functional code that extracts the data. Follow us to stay updated on all things McAfee and on top of the latest consumer and mobile security threats.

Below, the first 38 hashes with the associated process names. Found insideViewing Shadow Copy Information VSSAdmin provides several utility commands for viewing shadow copy information. The most useful are List Shadows and List ShadowStorage. List Shadows lists the existing shadow copies on a volume. Found insideList all shadow copies available on the system by using the list shadows command: vssadmin list shadows You'll see output ... time: 8/27/2008 1:59:58 PM Shadow Copy ID: {f455a794-6b0c-49e4-9ae5-e54647fd1f31} Original Volume: (C:)\\? It is clear that the authors are not experienced programmers because they are using a .bat file for the next actions: All these actions could have been performed in the malware code itself, without the need of an external file that can be detected and removed. He reverses the new threads in advanced attacks and make research of them in a daily basis.... Corporate Headquarters The structure of a cmdlet definition can be divided into three property categories in the JSON file: You might notice that defining Parameters is optional. These simple cmdlets don’t require any input to return the requested information. The following Microsoft KB article will provide further information regarding vssadmin list shadows. The shadow copies are then deleted by calling the command vssadmin Delete Shadows /all /quiet a second time.

The resources crypted with the ransom note and the bat file are called “SIXSIX1” for the batch file and the another one for the ransom note “SIXSIX”. Authored by ChanUng Pak   McAfee’s Mobile Research team recently found a new Android malware, Elibomi, targeting taxpayers in India. Check if there are still copyies left. Warning: This operation will delete all your restore points (shadow copies) on the specified volume. The authors displayed some creative technical solutions, to detect the victim’s language settings and installed programs.

The first thread enumerates all processes of the system and creates the name of the process in upper case and calculates a hash with the name and compares it with a big list of hashes. These 38 processes are the most usual processes to close as we have observed with other ransomwares families such as GandCrab, Cerber, etc.
The date of compiled this sample is 7 of February. This disk space can be reclaimed by using the vssadmin command in an elevated MS-DOS command prompt. For executing this task, it uses the typical API functions of the module “MPR.DLL”: This thread starts creating a reserve of memory with “GlobalAlloc” function to keep the information of the “MPR” functions. It also creates a proper module manifest, complete with exports for the new cmdlets.

We discovered the following Clop ransomware samples which were signed with a certificate: This malware is prepared to avoid running under certain conditions, for example in the first version it requests to be installed as a service; if that will not succeed, it will terminate itself. S0244 : Comnie : Comnie collects the hostname of the victim machine. they have the Russian language installed but not active in the machine to avoid this type of malware. As the only complete reference for Windows command line utilities, this book take an in-depth look at the often-overlooked utilities accessible through the command line in Windows Vista, 2003, XP, and 2000.

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