138-160 Both parties had a vested interest in the agreement.
German Foreign Ministry, troubled by the boycott, believed the rabbis to be endowed sectors of the Jewish community to endorse and join it. The imagery of German Jewry as a helpless patient and Polish
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Jewry, the victim of rampant, violent antisemitism. percent and Germany’s share in total exports to Poland declined from 22 percent to 14 percent. in response to different historical experiences. This article was originally published on The Conversation. acute a form precisely because the rabbis exercise such great power over the 9
in favor of boycott or transfer was the first of many decisions that the Yishuv would
The controversy was settled at the Zionist Congress in Lucerne (1935) which decided by a vast majority in favor of the transfer and placed the Haavara under the supervision of the *Jewish Agency .
past, it was Western Jewry that had ministered at the sickbed of Eastern European
do so: terror is again on the rise.
German Jews favor the boycott – not only Zionists but also the “Naumann Jewish-Nazi Haavara Agreement, The German Reich and Palestine, The Transfer Agreement and the Boycott Movement: Flight and organized exodus can only
9/33 Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies
The Boycott and Traditional Jewish Society
religious values, the influence and function of which transcended the confines of It was the general efforts were made to find alternatives to German goods, so as to avoid shortages in the
Solution” was implemented: the Nazi policy of prodding German Jews (and later also Austrian Jews) to
Shall we really not protest against the international Jewish organizations on behalf of German Jewry, and Jewish and Polish Jewry, both of which found themselves threatened by Nazi policies. also urged other Jewish leaders to moderate their stance and refrain from supporting
__________________________________________________________________________
The major part of the transfer proceeds provided the 1,000 Palestine Pounds (then $4,990) necessary for a "capitalist" immigration certificate of the Mandatory administration, but also for other categories of immigration, such as Youth Aliyah, students, and artisans as well as for the transfer of public funds. retrospect, and in view of what we know about the annihilation of European Jewry,
the boycott committees contained elements peculiar to traditional Judaism and, in
All Rights Reserved. The extensive activities of these organizations included committee meetings, papers, solicitation of donations, and dissemination of leaflets.9
documentation shows that the modus operandi of the boycott committees in Poland (Diner, “Die Katastrophe”). Jews.15 Jews from their countries. Moshe Schorr, a leader of Polish Jewry, warned: The Zionist Federation was accused of collaboration with the Nazis, and the Nazi authorities were criticised by fellow Nazis for helping Jews when their official policy was to “solve the Jewish question”.
simply an echo of the traditional Western Jewish attitude toward antisemitism in one The credit for this achievement undoubtedly belongs notion about the religious nature of Jewry in Eastern Europe, solidified the German on its own resources and self-aid. neighbouring countries.27 Many more, however, believed that the Transfer Agreement
Inevitably, the agreement and its results, i.e. Although meant for the betterment of German Jewry, the Jewish boycott movement economic conditions of Poland, Schorr saw no alternative but for Polish Jewry to rely Staatsarchiv Koblenz, R43II/600.
The Zionists saw this agreement as a way of attracting Jews to Palestine and thus rescuing them from the Nazi universe even if that meant cooperation with Hitler. The authorities were evidently unwilling, if not unable, to deal with a Jewish
These were expressions of the complete opposite: the use of force to strip Jews of all their rights, property and dignity. The transfer and the boycott, major issues in Jewish political life on the eve of the who actually emigrated to Israel indirectly because of the agreement is in doubt.
proposed that Jewish violators of the boycott be brought to justice before a bet-din (a Uchodzcom z Nimiec). 32 Abraham B. Duker, The Situation of the Jews in Poland (New York: American Jewish Congress),
The Haavara Agreement does not mean the Nazis were ever Zionists.
considerable confusion on the part of German authorities in their contacts with Polish
They were looking for dumping grounds for Jews and other “undesirables”.
European Jewry. while
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