prevention of malaria in the community

How does the community define vulnerability in terms of malaria? The dynamics of vulnerability that mitigate a crisis and lessen the impact for some people but not others are not well understood. What are the hours of potential exposure? It is not a certainty that children under age 5 or pregnant women will be allowed to sleep under a mosquito net, particularly if there is only one net in the household. Are there any political, economic, or structural constraints to seeking care? Too often, malaria control activities are designed with little understanding of the cultural context in which they are supposed to operate. Identify key members of the affected community to work with representatives from relief agencies. In some communities, nonofficial. There is almost no documented information about the malaria treatment-seeking practices of displaced populations. Once “settled” in the area of refuge, members of the community may seek out these healers to treat malaria-like illnesses. Types of family or household structures: identification of head of household, numbers and types of groups perceived to be vulnerable. One approach to address this gap would be for humanitarian organizations to work closely with social scientists, such as medical anthropologists, whose applied training reflects the perspectives of both biomedicine and social science (Williams and Bloland, 2001). The Center for Refugee and Disaster Studies at the Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health has developed a guide specifically geared toward understanding the perceived needs of refugees and internally displaced persons and is a good reference for fieldwork (Weiss and Bolton, 2000).

View our suggested citation for this chapter. If so, where? drugs may be predicated on several things, such as personal knowledge about malaria, extent of poverty, seasonal variations in income, or even whether or not a functional road or transportation system exists. workers in Africa has also been noted (van der Geest, 1997).

Acknowledging the situational constraints of complex emergencies (i.e., the need for urgent decision making, the volume of work required to maintain day-to-day operations, limited budgets, and the fluid nature of an emergency), rapid assessments may be the most practical means of gathering data to inform programs, particularly in the early stages of an emergency. Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

How is febrile illness understood, particularly in relation to the biomedical conceptualization of malaria? In refugee camps in western Tanzania in 1998, Burundian refugees were dismayed by the use of chloroquine as the official first-line therapy, as they had previously used sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, with better clinical results than when they were treated with chloroquine. 9. The relevance of data accumulated during that time period can now be called into question. An important element to any aspect of malaria control is human behavior—an understanding of what people perceive as the cause of malaria, the extent to which they believe they can prevent and/or treat malaria, and their acceptance and usage of malaria control interventions. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences.

The idea is to build capacity and equip community volunteers to recognize, diagnose and treat malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia - the 3 top childhood killers. Security issues (e.g., the ability to move freely around the area of refuge without being hassled, fear of rape, accessibility of the settlement area to outsiders) and the availability of communication and transportation between residential areas and health care facilities may delay treatment seeking from established health care facilities.

Are there differences by age groups? And perceptions about preferential treatment for the displaced population can lead to feelings of resentment and/or hostility by the host population.

What is defined and understood as “malaria” from a biomedical perspective may or may not match the local understanding of the illness. What prevention measures are unacceptable and why? What does it consist of? Admittedly, the world and the nature of forced migration have changed a great deal over the last two decades. The sociocultural context surrounding displacement situations needs to be considered when designing malaria control interventions. The use of preventive measures will be affected by two things: how affected communities define their priorities regarding health and illness and the degree to which individuals think they can personally control or prevent illness. Where, when, how, and by whom is treatment sought?

Perceived etiology of fever (specifically, “malaria fever”) will determine, in part, treatment-seeking behavior (Williams et al., 1999). Return, Repatriation, or Resettlement of Displaced Populations, 12. Historically, those involved with health care issues in complex emergencies have given little attention to the sociocultural dimensions or to the wider global context within which complex emergencies develop. Collaborate with applied social scientists to better understand the factors that influence treatment-seeking behaviors by the affected populations. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website. Malaria Control During Mass Population Movements and Natural Disasters -- the first in the series, provides a basic overview of the state of knowledge of epidemiology of malaria and public health interventions and practices for controlling the disease in situations involving forced migration and conflict.

There may be social scientists in the displaced population who could work jointly with the humanitarian relief agencies to define the most critical sociocultural questions and identify the most appropriate way to gather and analyze such data.

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